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Being a master of Qintian Academy at a young age is definitely not due to his glasses-grinding skills.This old man graduated from Yangzhou University, did not take the imperial examination, and was directly admitted to Qintianyuan.

Moreover, before being admitted to Qintian Academy, Sun Yunqiu had already invented the microscope!

This is not the butterfly effect brought about by Zhao Han. In real history, Sun Yunqiu also invented the microscope.

Glasses appeared in China in the Yuan Dynasty, but until the end of the Ming Dynasty, glasses were all precious items.The main reason is that it is not easy to grind, and after grinding, it often does not match the degree.At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Western learning spread eastward, and simple knowledge of optics gradually spread to China. Glasses manufacturing technology finally made a breakthrough, which is why Qian Qianyi said that glasses are a Western product.

And Sun Yunqiu, with his own power, directly made the glasses that the dignitaries could afford, at the price of cabbage - each pair of glasses only cost two or three cents of silver (one tael equals 1 cents).

This gentleman studied at Chen Tianqu, a disciple of Matteo Ricci, and mastered some knowledge of mathematics and physics.He also invented the tuo car for grinding lenses, and pointed out the difference between presbyopia, hyperopia and myopia, and equipped glasses according to the actual conditions of patients.He even wrote the book "History of Mirrors", which disclosed all the methods of making glasses, which eventually caused the cost of making glasses to plummet.

It's a pity that when the Qing army went south, Sun Yunqiu's livelihood was difficult and he had to make a living by collecting herbs. He died of illness at the age of only 34.

By the way, Sun Yunqiu can also make chime clocks.

Sun Yunqiu in this time and space will definitely not go to collect herbs again, and he doesn't even focus on grinding lenses.

He invented the microscope and continued to improve it. Now he does research every day and uses a microscope to observe various microorganisms.The Qintian Academy even plans to set up a separate "microscopic hall" to allow researchers to explore the microscopic world.

"Wenyu, His Majesty summoned you!" Fang Yizhi called out in person.

Sun Yunqiu, who had just invented the microscope slide, was watching the cute tardigrades swimming, and raised his head in a daze when he heard the words: "What did Your Majesty want me to do?"

Fang Yizhi said: "I don't know, you just entered the palace."

"Wait a minute," Sun Yunqiu said, "The lenses I polished a few days ago are able to see microbes more clearly, and today I discovered a new kind of water worm. After I finish observing and recording, I will go to the palace to see His Majesty. "

Fang Yizhi was speechless about this, and actually stopped urging, turned around and asked the female officer to wait a moment.

Sun Yunqiu continued to fiddle with the microscope, and then took a pen to start the portrait, drawing the whole picture of the tardigrade from different angles, and annotated beside it: water bug 21 (tentative name), green body, six-legged...

The female officer was already anxiously waiting, and Sun Yunqiu finally got up, went out and clasped his fists and said, "Please wait a long time."

As soon as this guy left, the researcher next to him rushed to occupy the microscope.The lens of this microscope is a newly polished ultra-high magnification, the only one in the entire Qintianyuan, and everyone is waiting in line to see it.

Being brought into the palace in a daze, Sun Yunqiu didn't pay attention to the scenery along the way at all, and his mind was still on the things under the microscope just now.

"Your Majesty, Your Majesty, Prince, brought by Master Sun."

Sun Yunqiu finally came back to his senses, and hurriedly went to see him.

Zhao Han didn't talk about myopia, but asked, "I heard that you invented the microscope, how did you do it?"

Sun Yunqiu replied: "Reporting to Your Majesty, although my ancestral home is Wujiang County, my uncle has lived in Hangzhou with my uncle since he was a child because he was doing business in Hangzhou. Eighty percent of the glasses in the world are made by Hangzhou mirror craftsmen. I am very curious about glasses, so I stand all day long. Watch them grind from the sidelines."

"Later, I went to school and learned geometry and physics, the true meaning of Fang Xiaoguang's optics. When I was in middle school, I began to grind lenses by myself. The principle of the invention comes from water oranges, which have existed since ancient times.”

"When I was studying in university, I first learned how to make binoculars, and later made things such as kaleidoscopes and night mirrors. I thought that a binoculars can see very far objects, so why can't I make a set of lenses to see things that are very near and very small?" things? Hence the microscope.”

"Great kindness!" Zhao Han praised.

Sun Yunqiu said: "Your Majesty is absurd. The microscope is not very useful. It can only observe some small bugs to satisfy the curiosity of the members of the Qintian Academy."

"Otherwise," Zhao Han shook his head and said, "Why don't you observe the patient's sputum? For example, for a certain cough, compare the sputum of the same disease under a microscope. Perhaps this disease is also caused by small bugs."

"Bugs cause cough?" Sun Yunqiu couldn't keep up with the emperor's rhythm.

Zhao Han continued: "When you come into contact with patients and sputum, you must wear a mask, which is a cotton mask to prevent the plague. When observing, you should wash the contact with boiling water, and your hands should be washed repeatedly. Yes Yes, it's better to wear gloves, and put the gloves in boiling water afterwards."

The emperor has a mission, of course Sun Yunqiu dare not refuse: "I obey the order."

Fei Rulan reminded from the side: "Your Majesty, let's talk about the prince first."

Zhao Han pointed to Zhao Kuanghuan: "My son is nearsighted, please trouble Sun Qing to get a pair of glasses."

Sun Yunqiu said: "Your Majesty, I want to go home and fetch the optometry."

"Go." Zhao Han nodded.

Sun Yunqiu took the royal carriage, went back quickly, and got a set of optometry equipment.

He opened the prince's eyelids first, and observed the condition of the eyes with a magnifying glass.Then the cardboard was erected, and the character "Jia" in different directions and sizes was written on the cardboard, asking the prince to point out the specific direction with one eye blindfolded.

Fei Rulan couldn't understand, and after Sun Yunqiu finished his work, he asked curiously, "What are you doing?"

Sun Yunqiu replied: "Returning to my mother, I think the eyes are convex lenses. For some reason, the focus moves forward, so I can't see clearly. Using concave lenses to make glasses can adjust the focus. And because everyone's myopia focus is different, in When wearing glasses, it is necessary to measure how much the focal point has changed. The characters 'A' on the cardboard are of different sizes. Each size represents a focal position, so it can be matched with different concave lenses."

"So that's it, Master Laosun is here." Fei Rulan smiled, but the more she listened, the more confused she became.

Zhao Han suddenly said: "You guessed that the eyes are convex lenses, why don't you prove this guess?"

Sun Yunqiu was stunned: "Chen... how can I prove it?"

Zhao Han said: "You can go to the butcher's place and dig out the eyes of freshly killed pigs for observation. Or, simply go to the medical school, where human corpses are often dissected."

Today's medicine is divided into several schools, the most unacceptable is the "Ziyang School".

The Ziyang Medical College originated from Gezao Mountain in Jiangxi. When Zhao Han's territory was only in Jiangxi, he kept throwing the enemy's corpses for autopsy.

Today, detailed human skeleton diagrams, muscle diagrams, blood vessel diagrams, etc. have all been drawn by the doctors of the Ziyang School.However, the dissection process was too disgusting and violated traditional customs, so that the Ziyang School was cast aside by traditional doctors, and there were even rumors that Gezaoshan doctor liked to eat people.

In Gezao Mountain, the ancestral home of the Taoist Lingbao School, the incense of the Taoist temple is getting weaker and weaker, and the common people are too frightened to go up the mountain.

But well, spurn on it, the medical research results of the Ziyang School were secretly studied by traditional doctors.No matter which school of famous doctors they are in, they will secretly collect those human anatomy diagrams, and only allow the disciples who entered the room to study them in private.

a few days later.

After Sun Yunqiu's fine polishing, a pair of glasses was sent to the prince.

Zhao Kuanghuan put on his glasses and looked at the clear scenery around him, like a blind man who had regained his light, he couldn't stop smiling from ear to ear.

Zhao Han couldn't help but think of his son as the emperor.

An emperor wearing glasses, sitting on the golden throne, the scene really made people laugh.

Maybe it will be similar to Emperor Yongzheng, who had 35 pairs of glasses in different styles and materials.After washing up every morning, the first thing Yongzheng did was to think about which pair of glasses he should wear today.

What "Scary Step by Step" and what "The Legend of Zhen Huan" were not filmed enough to restore history, and they didn't give Si Ye a complete pair of glasses.

"Mom, I can see clearly!" Zhao Kuanghuan shouted happily.

Fei Rulan looked at her son from the side, and suddenly said: "The glasses frames should be replaced with better-looking ones. The tortoiseshell tribute from Nanyang Fanbang can be polished into glasses frames by artisans."

The mother and son were having fun, while Zhao Han was playing with the microscope.

If the emperor wanted anything, Qintianyuan would send it naturally, and they would just make a new one by themselves.

Sun Yunqiu guided his hands and said: "Your Majesty, this is a slide (glass slide). The object you want to observe must be placed on the slide first..."

Traveling through two lives before and after, Zhao Han played with a microscope for the first time, and he was inevitably a little excited.

He soon saw the tardigrade, and he shouted excitedly, "Queen, come and see!"

Fei Rulan lay beside Zhao Han, took a closer look with her glasses, and immediately backed away in fright, exclaiming, "What an ugly monster!"

Zhao Kuanghuan yelled, "I want to see it too!"

The father and son obviously have the same style, and Zhao Kuanghuan also found the tardigrade interesting, lying there for a long time without moving his eyes.

The invention of the microscope made Zhao Han feel very happy: "Autumn is crisp, it's the perfect weather for hunting. Li Zicheng hasn't left Beijing yet, right? Invite him to go hunting. Also, Sun Qing will go too. You have made great contributions to inventing the microscope and accompany me to hunt." Easy easy."

Chapter 840 [Military Academy]

"The prince is studying in a military academy?" Li Zicheng asked in surprise.

Zhang Nai temporarily settled down in Nanjing, and changed back to the old name of Li Zicheng's "foster father": "Bo'er lost his student status at the military academy two days ago, received some textbooks, and went to the dormitory. In the dormitory, there were three other people besides Hai'er." , two of us are from Dashun... from Hetao, and one is an officer from Anhui. The boy asked his classmate from Anhui that the prince and the son of Dudu Zhang (Zhang Tieniu) are both studying in the military academy. There is another The son of Dudu Huang (Huang Yao), has graduated from the military academy, and was sent to Liaoning to be a cavalry sentry commander."

Li Zicheng said with emotion: "This Emperor Zhao wants to teach his son both civil and military skills."

Prince Zhao Kuanghuan, after graduating from Huangcheng Middle School, was immediately thrown to Nanjing Military Academy to study.

Zhao Han didn't expect his son to lead the army to fight, but he must understand the basic military knowledge, so as not to be blinded by the military in the future.

Zhang Nai took out the basic military school textbooks: "Father, the military academy in the new dynasty has a four-year system, and there is also a special crash course. The child is studying the crash course, and he can graduate after only two years of study."

The students in the crash course are either generals or excellent soldiers sent by the army.

Li Zicheng looked at the few textbooks. The titles of the books are: "Datong Army Ideology and System", "On War", "Infantry Exercise Code", "Artillery Exercise Code", "Cavalry Exercise Code", "Military Equipment Record", "Names of Past Dynasties" The Story of Famous Generals", "Detailed Explanation of Battle Cases of Past Dynasties".

Curiously, I opened "The Thought and System of the Datong Army", briefly introduced the theory of Datong at the beginning, and explained the concept of Huaxia.It clearly pointed out that the responsibility of the Datong Army is to serve the country and the people, protect the country and the people from internal and external enemies, and strive for more and better living space for the Chinese people.

It was all theoretical stuff, Li Zicheng quickly flipped through it, and soon turned to the military system part.

The military system is clearly defined at the beginning, the emperor is the supreme commander of the army, and it also elaborates on the Ministry of War, the Governor's Mansion and other institutions, all the way to the composition of military units at all levels.There is also a chapter devoted to the missionary officer system.

Li Zicheng spent the whole morning getting a general understanding of "The Thought and System of the Datong Army", and then went to read the "On War".

The author's signature on "On War" is... Zhao Han, so it is also called "Tianjia Art of War" among the people.

"On War" condenses many thoughts of "Sun Tzu's Art of War". The opening chapter points out that war is an extension of politics and an extreme means to achieve political goals.

Then it expounds the three stages of war: destroying the enemy's army, occupying the enemy's land, and conquering the enemy's ideas.

Then define the three elements of war: strategy, tactics, and combat.

The main content of this book is about strategy, tactics and combat.Especially the strategic chapters, even the civil servants of the cabinet and the Ministry of war must learn.

As for the traditional cognition of the art of war, it is basically concentrated in the "tactical chapter", where command, logistics, arms, etc. are all available.This part of the content was definitely not written by Zhao Han out of thin air, but a refined summary of the articles and reports of the commanders-in-chief of the various armies across the country.

Recruitment, training, combat readiness, terrain, climate, etc. are all included in the "Strategy Chapter".Among them, the elements of combat readiness also include logistics, but the logistics of the "Strategy Chapter" is more macroscopic, and the logistics of the "Tactical Chapter" is much narrower.

The "battle chapter" is more specific, almost all of the content is written by the frontline generals, and Zhao Han improves the height after refining and summarizing.It can be divided into: definition of battle, purpose of battle, means of battle, result of battle, etc.And a large number of ancient and modern actual combat cases are used to analyze and explain the whole process of combat.

Li Zicheng stayed up all night and read "On War".

He took this book as if he had found a precious treasure, and watched until dawn, and found Zhang Nai with bloodshot eyes: "This book, all students in the military academy must learn?"

Zhang Nai explained: "On War" takes four years to finish. The crash course mainly studies the "battle chapter", but it is required to continue self-study in the army."

Li Zicheng asked: "How many students graduate from the Nanjing Military Academy every year?"

Zhang Nai said: "The number of students in the crash course varies every year. Each army recommends 50 outstanding soldiers to enroll each year. In addition, the general class can recruit 80 high school graduates every year. It is a general of hundreds of people (post leader). I heard that the graduation examination is very strict. If you cannot graduate after three years of delay, you can only get a certificate of graduation. The top ten dropouts can apply to be captains overseas or in Heilongjiang (approximately equivalent to platoon leaders) .”

"Even if only 50 people graduate from this Nanjing Military Academy a year, they are still 50 young generals." Li Zicheng became more emotional and asked, "How many military academies are there in the country?"

Zhang Nai said, "Now there seem to be six schools, but I'm not sure."

Li Zicheng secretly rejoiced that he chose to surrender.Every year they train a bunch of hundreds of generals, and the more they fight, the more powerful they become. How can the Dashun Army survive with that little foundation?

After falling asleep, Li Zicheng went to look through other textbooks.

"Infantry Exercise Code", "Cavalry Exercise Code", and "Artillery Exercise Code" are easy to understand. Military school students must learn these three books to prepare for their future military training.Ordinarily disabled or too old generals, some will leave the front-line troops and turn to work such as recruiting and training. The three "Operation Code" are actually written for grassroots soldiers.

Shanghai is about to set up a navy school this year, and the "Sailor Drill Code" has been compiled, mainly to train inland water troops and naval officers.In today's Datong Navy, the influence of the Zheng family is still very large, and it can be gradually weakened through the Naval Academy.

Another "Military Equipment Record" records various military equipment, including hot and cold weapons, armor, and chariots.

"Stories of Famous Ministers and Generals of Past Dynasties" mainly cultivates patriotism and martial spirit. Wei Qing, Huo Qubing, Su Wu, Yue Fei, Wen Tianxiang... are all here.

……

Nanjing Military Academy.

The prince is used to running in the morning.

When he first entered school, he was practicing according to the "Infantry Drill Code", and he was put on the ground on the first day.Now that I am about to graduate, the intensity of physical training has dropped a lot, mainly to learn various theoretical knowledge.

After the five-mile long-distance run was over, Zhao Kuanghuan walked slowly.

This is an order issued by the emperor himself. Military students or soldiers cannot sit and lie down immediately after a long-distance run, saying that they are prone to sudden death or something.

"Zongxue, you will be graduating soon, where are you going?" Zhao Kuanghuan asked.

Zhang Tieniu himself has little knowledge, but he cares about his son very much.The eldest son's name is Zhang Tingxun, and his name is Zongxue. The name and characters are all given by the great Confucianism.

Zhang Tingxun used to follow the prince to study in Huangcheng Primary School, but was soon eliminated.Later, he went to a noble middle school in Nanjing, but he didn't get a middle school diploma, and he didn't even have the qualifications to enter a military academy. The emperor made an exception and let him go to a military academy.

After walking for a while, Zhang Tingxun sat on the edge of the school field and sighed: "Then what logistics calculation questions, where can I pass the test? There are other definitions, elements, terrain, and climate. I am dizzy by memorizing them. I will definitely not graduate from the military academy." But I am very good at practical subjects, and I will definitely be among the top students among dropouts. I want to apply to be the team leader in Heilongjiang."

"Heilongjiang?" Zhao Kuanghuan was quite surprised, "It's very remote there, so you don't plan to ask His Majesty to intercede again?"

Zhang Tingxun said: "Let's forget it, I'm ashamed. I was eliminated by Huangcheng Primary School, and I was ashamed once. I didn't get a high school diploma, and I was ashamed again. My father didn't come back in the north, but he sent people twice. Nanjing, take off your pants and beat me hard. This time I won’t wait for him to beat me up, I will go to Heilongjiang after graduation, and become a general with real swords and guns!"

"Ambition!" Zhao Kuanghuan praised.

Military academies are different from ordinary schools. Ordinary schools enroll in summer, while military academies enroll in spring.After graduating every winter, I will be assigned to the army after the Chinese New Year, so that I can have a good reunion before leaving home.

The academic system of ordinary schools has also been adjusted this year.

Three-year elementary school, recommended to enroll at the age of seven.

Four-year middle school, recommended to enroll at the age of ten.

Four years of university, the graduation age is about .

This is very difficult for girls, they are already old girls, and they will definitely marry early.Once married, they may be bound by their husband's family, and nine out of ten they will not be able to continue their studies.