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Using a sextant to measure longitude requires knowing the local time.

Europe is also thinking of ways, because their astronomical observation data is not enough, so the clock method has been used for a long time.Since the error of the nautical clock is too large, bring more nautical clocks.

But nautical clocks are precision instruments, and even in a few decades, the cost of each nautical clock will be more than 500 pounds.Twenty nautical clocks, £[-] is gone.

Therefore, after the astronomical data in Europe matured, with the invention of the sextant, the matching "lunar distance table" eliminated the nautical clock-even so, it took several hours to calculate the longitude.It was not until 1766 that Mascarene hired a large number of "human flesh computers" to list the relationship between lunar distance and longitude, and shortened the longitude calculation time to 30 minutes.

"Are you going to explore the ocean?" Sun Yunqiu asked.

Tian Yang pointed to Li Quan: "I don't want to go, but he wants to go."

Li Quan laughed and said: "I can't stay idle, I'm going to sail around the world."

Even for voyages around the world, there are mature routes now, and it is not necessary to measure longitude.Only when traveling around the world, it is necessary to calculate the longitude in order to meet the unexpected.

Sun Yunqiu said: "I really can't help with other things. But I have an idea to improve the cross, which is to install the telescope on the cross. Well, if you want to measure more precisely, the cross will definitely not work." .If you still want to use the lunar distance method, the range of the instrument must be above 90 degrees. Then make the instrument 60 degrees, with a range of 120 degrees, why not call it a 'sextant'."

Li Quan was very interested and asked, "What is the use of installing the telescope on the instrument?"

Sun Yunqiu said: "My idea is to use a telescope instead of naked eye observation, then make a translucent mirror to make it a fixed horizon mirror, and then make a movable reflector. Turn the reflector so that the celestial body is in line with the horizon or sea level. Lines coincide. In this way, the angle of rotation of the mirror can read the altitude angle of the celestial body..."

As soon as this remark came out, the three of them suddenly became enlightened.

Tian Yang exclaimed: "How can Master Sun have such wonderful ideas?"

Sun Yunqiu said: "I often use a telescope to observe stars. Many times, I don't want to be too troublesome to calculate, and I just think of some equipment that can simplify it."

The sextant was not originally used for navigation, but for observatory observation. The concept was proposed by Hooke and Newton.Because this thing is easy to use, it was shrunk down by the navigators and taken on board.

Li Quan belongs to the kind of action group, he has to do whatever he thinks of, and he even assigned the task on the spot: "In this way, I will work with brother Ang Qi (Tian Yang) to calculate and make a more detailed lunar distance table. Master Sun and Yuan Brother Jing (Wang Su) teamed up to invent and make the sextant. With the combination of the lunar distance table and the sextant, ocean exploration is bound to be beneficial!"

"Okay, I'll do it with you." Sun Yunqiu smiled.

Zhao Han and Li Zicheng did not go hunting, but rode horses in the racecourse.

Back now, Zhao Han smiled and asked, "What are you talking about?"

Everyone stood up to salute.

Feng Qizhi took the lead to say: "Reporting to Your Majesty, the students and colleagues of the Imperial Academy are discussing the doubts about oracle bone inscriptions. I deeply feel that my generation is not knowledgeable enough and needs to be more diligent."

Zhao Han looked at the ground in front of them, and sure enough, he saw several oracle bone inscriptions, as well as changes in bronze inscriptions and seal inscriptions, and immediately nodded in approval: "That's right, keep up the good work."

"Thank you, Your Majesty, for your encouragement!"

The four young men from the Hanlin Academy bowed and saluted inexplicably excitedly.

Zhao Han asked Qintianyuan again: "What about you?"

Li Quan replied: "Reporting to Your Majesty, the students are discussing navigation matters. It has been agreed that the students and Tian Yang will improve the lunar distance table, and Master Sun and Wang Su will make the sextant. As long as these two things are done well, you will be in Wangyang The sea can also quickly measure latitude and longitude."

"Sextant?" Zhao Han nodded with a smile, "Very good, Dashan!"

Li Quan suddenly knelt down: "Your Majesty, the student has an unfeeling request."

Zhao Han said, "Let's talk."

Li Quan said: "I was in the Qintian Academy. I learned the stories of Magellan and other navigators from Taixi scholars. I am in the same country as China. So far, I have no navigators, let alone sailing around the world. How can the Huanghuang Dynasty lag behind the Taixi barbarians? Your Majesty, please give me five ships, equipped with experienced captains, star guides, sailors and soldiers. I want to start from Shandong, cross the ocean eastward, and first explore America for my dynasty!"

At this time, the Pacific route started from Asia in the Balintang Strait, between Taiwan and Luzon Island.Even after hundreds of years, it is the most important waterway for Japan, not one of them.

In view of the development level of Nanyang in the 17th century, the starting point of the highest quality Pacific route should be in northern Taiwan.

That's why Spain colonized Keelung in the first place.As long as Keelung Port develops, it can obtain Chinese goods nearby and ship them directly to the American colonies. At that time, Spain can even abandon Manila.

However, the Spaniards think too simply, and there are too many tricks.

First, the Han people were not allowed to help develop Keelung, so the ports and cities could not prosper, and the grain needed for Keelung had to be transported from Manila.Second, due to the lack of Spanish troops, they were bullied miserably by the natives of Taiwan, and even the castle was once breached.

In desperation, Spain could only give up the colony of Keelung.

Now Spain's Pacific Ocean route starts from the South Philippine Islands and passes through Manila to the Balintang Strait.Then along the Ryukyu Islands, from the southern waters of Japan to the east, follow the ocean current to the Americas.In the Americas, it follows the ocean current, returns to the Balintang Strait in a straight line, and then goes south through Manila to the South Philippine Islands.

Luzon, Taiwan, and the Ryukyu Islands have all been controlled by China, and the Balintang Strait has almost become China's inland sea, directly cutting off the Asian starting point of the Pacific route.

In such a situation, Spain does not dare to conflict with China.In the event of a war, the Chinese navy does not need to do anything else, just block the Balintang Strait, and the Spanish galleon trade will be declared over.

Li Quan's idea was to start from Shandong and use Japan as a springboard to go to the Americas to open up a "Shandong-America" ​​route.

This route is not very useful now, but if Chinese maritime merchants want to do business in the Americas in the future, there are two routes to choose from: one is Taipei-America, and the other is Shandong-America.

Zhao Han showed a gratified expression, and asked, "Traveling thousands of miles across the sea, you will almost die, do you know the danger?"

Li Quan categorically replied: "Even though I died nine times, I have no regrets!"

This person must not be a son-in-law, Zhao Han doesn't want his daughter to be a widow in a daze.

Chapter 843 [Not just as simple as a navigator]

Li Quan squatted down suddenly, picked up a stone and drew a map.

Pointing to a simple map, he said: "If there are maritime merchants going to America, merchants from Fujian and Zhejiang can start from Taipei and take the current route of the Spaniards. Maritime merchants from Jiangsu can choose the north-south route according to the trade wind, or they can take risks. The road goes directly east to Japan. In fact, the two north-south routes, after passing Japan, will converge into one, and the Spaniards call it 'Western Wind Flow'."

"When the population in the north is prosperous in the future, the northern route will have a greater role. Hebei, Shandong, and Liaoning can all use Japan to go to America."

"And here! This is the Tumen River (Tumen River) at the junction of our country and North Korea. Colleagues of the Imperial Academy should know that it was originally an inland river in China. In the early Ming Dynasty, Li's North Korea expanded and occupied a large area of ​​our country. Territory, set up six towns south of the Tumen River."

"Now, Baozhou on the south bank of the Yalu River has been re-occupied by our Celestial Dynasty. The next step is to take back the south bank of the Tumen River. At that time, the vast land east of the Liao Great Wall can enter the sea through the Tumen River. Whether it is selling Merchant goods, or transporting troops and food, can be closely connected with Shandong, Hebei, and Liaoning. If there is a rebellion there (Jilin), one can march troops from Liaoning, and the other can take the Tumen River from the sea to quell the chaos. The Northeast is stable."

"If you want to develop the two sides of the Tumen River, the northern air route must be developed. The development of the northern air route can also deter North Korea and Japan, so that these two vassal states dare not have any disagreements."

"The first stop to open up the northern sea route is to go to Japan to explore first, and get in touch with the lord in eastern Japan. The Tokugawa shogunate does not allow the lord to sail with foreign businessmen, so the remoter the supply port, the better. But it can't be too far away, otherwise There is not much food and water to replenish at all.”

"Therefore, the first step for me to open up the Northern Sea Route is to open the joints in the east of Japan. It would be best if His Majesty can let the shogunate open the port in the east. If it is not possible, then go to fight and fight to make the Japanese shogunate open the port!"

"Japan opened the eastern port, and the initial network of the northern route was formed. The mouth of the Tumen River, the eastern port of Japan, Nagasaki, Japan, the ports of North Korea, Tamna County (Jeju Island), Shandong, Hebei, Liaoning... All can be connected by sea, and my army of the Celestial Dynasty can go to any place by boat at any time."

"Your Majesty, please issue two decrees. One is to order Japan to open the eastern port, and the other is to emigrate to the mouth of the Tumen River. The immigration does not need to be too much, the first batch of 2000 people is enough."

After thinking carefully, Zhao Han said with a smile: "You are not on a sailing expedition, you are planning the future strategic layout of Northeast China, North Korea and Japan. The Tumen River is not marked on folk maps, how do you know that?" ?”

Li Quan replied: "I consulted the Northeast survey map of Qintianyuan. Both sides of the Tumen River were full of Jurchens in the early Ming Dynasty. After North Korea invaded the south bank, they drove the Jurchens to the north. The Jianzhou Tartars rebelled, and Tumen Hebei Many of the Jurchens on the shore were transferred to fight, and now the situation is sparsely populated. We just took the opportunity to immigrate, and first firmly occupied the mouth of the Tumen River."

"The idea is good, but the court's energy is limited." Zhao Han said.

The imperial court really has a lot of things to do. The Monan Grassland that was just confiscated needs to be consolidated, and the three Protectorate Houses are continuing to consume money and food.The cabinet and the Ministry of War are planning to conquer Myanmar and Vietnam.In this way, the troops and money and food in the north and the south are being mobilized and collected on a large scale.

It seems that there is no war, but in fact it has not been idle.

Li Quan said: "Immigrants at the mouth of the Tumen River only need to move 2000 people and distribute weapons to them, which is enough to gain a foothold there. As for Japan, first issue an imperial edict to test the reaction of the shogunate."

Zhao Han smiled and said, "I'm a bit reluctant to let you go on a sailing adventure. Where have you been?"

Li Quan replied: "Jinling, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian, Yunnan, have gone to Taiwan and Luzon Island."

"What a great son, with ambitions everywhere!" Zhao Han praised.

The emperor's favor for Li Quan was envied by everyone present, even Feng Qizhi wanted to go to sea.

Li Quan's eloquent talk and the emperor's admiration already made the princess's eyes shine, and Zhao Furong became more and more enamored of this heroic young man.

Zhao Han said: "I agree to all your requests, including emigrating to the Tumen River and ordering the Japanese shogunate. I will give you five more boats and a quota of 1000 soldiers. But you need to recruit 1000 soldiers yourself. Recruit from veterans, peasants and soldiers. Whether you can persuade them to go to sea depends entirely on your own ability. Well... I will give you 10 taels of silver as capital. If you feel that the money is not enough, you can do business along the way, anyway, you have to first Get through Japan, and just ship the goods and sell them to the Japanese lords.”

"Thank you, Your Majesty, for your grace!" Li Quan was overjoyed.

Zhao Han asked, "Does the mouth of the Tumen River have a name?"

Li Quan replied: "That large area, including the entire lower reaches of the Tumen River, is called Hunchun, Xunchun, etc., and they are all transliterations of Jurchen."

"Let's call it Hunchun from now on." Zhao Han finally understood where it was.

Hunchun here is next to the sea.

Hundreds of years later, Hunchun is bounded by Russia to the east and North Korea to the west, and the estuary is divided between North Korea and Russia.As a result, the border of Hunchun is only 30 miles away from the sea, but it has to borrow ports from other countries to go to sea. Jilin Province will forever lose its own seaport.

At that time, Cheng Qi, the imperial envoy of the Manchu and Qing Dynasties, was completely unaware of the importance of the estuary, so he handed over all the boundary survey work to representatives of Tsarist Russia.The Russians drew the border however they wanted, and finally drew the Chinese border 20 miles from the sea.

Even so, Tsarist Russia was still greedy and kept moving the boundary markers secretly.

When Wu Dacheng from the Procuratorate came to inspect the border, the boundary marker was already 88 miles away from the coast.Wu Dacheng argued hard, and finally re-established the boundary marker, 30 miles away from the coast, thus regaining 10 square kilometers of land.

The two sides almost used force in the end, because Wu Dacheng was still not satisfied.The Russians transferred warships from Vladivostok and turned on the xenon headlights to show off their force.But Wu Dacheng transferred to the Beiyang Fleet, invited the Russians to visit the Dingyuan ship, turned on all the headlights in response, and finally took back the Heidingzishan area, which was later Jingxin Town, Hunchun City.

At this moment, the south bank of the Tumen River is the territory of North Korea, but the north bank belongs to China and must be firmly occupied.

Occupy there, Jilin will have an outlet to the sea.

Zhao Han pointed to Li Quan and asked Li Zicheng, "What do King Chuang think of this son?"

Li Zicheng praised: "He is a rare talent."

Zhao Han asked again: "Can you ride a horse?"

Li Quan replied: "The horses that have ridden the Yunnan Datong Army are much shorter than your Majesty's BMW."

"Pick up the bow and arrow, and go hunting with me. Drive!" Zhao Han galloped his horse.

Li Quan was so angry that he asked for a bow and arrow from the sergeant, picked a good horse, and followed the emperor to the Zijin Mountain hunting ground.

Seeing her daughter staring at Li Quan obsessively, Fei Rulan sighed and said, "You know very well that once you go out to sea, you may not return for three to five years, and you may even hide in the belly of a fish at any time."

Zhao Rongfu was silent when he heard about it.

Fei Rulan said: "My daughter has a good eye, and she can immediately fall in love with a hero. But such a young hero pretends to be a world in his heart, and he can't take care of his family. If you recruit him as a son-in-law, you will be a widow." Even more rare than the Cowherd and Weaver Girl."

Zhao Rongfu still didn't speak.

Fei Rulan continued to persuade: "If you don't like others, then wait a little longer and see if there is a good match in the civil and military family of Manchu Dynasty."

"Ah."

Zhao Rongfu agreed softly, she knew how dangerous going to sea was, but she still felt quite uncomfortable.

But that's all. After all, we met today for the first time, and we don't have a deep emotional foundation.

Fei Rulan already had an idea, the selection range of the Imperial Academy and Qintian Academy was too narrow.It must be expanded, while searching in the official's home, and at the same time selecting at Jinling University.Especially those who have just entered university, many of them are not yet engaged, so they will surely find someone with both ability and political integrity.

"call out!"

Li Zicheng shot an arrow, which hit the wild boar's front face.

The wild boars continued to run around. Compared with previous years, the guards were much more professional, beating drums and gongs to scare the injured wild boar away, preventing it from blindly heading in the direction of the emperor.The hounds have already been released to round up the unlucky wild boar.

Li Zicheng chased after him on horseback, endured the old pain, and shot the wild boar in the rear with another arrow.

Zhao Han praised: "King Chuang is good at archery!"

The wild boar lost a lot of blood, ran for a while, and finally stopped, grunting and facing the humans.Li Zicheng fired arrows in succession, and all the arrows hit him. The wild boar fled again, and gradually fell down.

The hound chased another elk out, and Zhao Han said, "Try it!"

Li Quan bent his bow and nocked an arrow, and the arrow passed by.

"You are not good at archery, you need to practice more in the future." Zhao Han joked, and directly raised the flintlock.

"boom!"

The running elk fell down in response, then stood up again, took a few steps forward and lay down again.

Not dead, the hounds swarmed up, mouthed at the neck, and finally bit the elk to death.

Li Zicheng turned his horse's head when he heard the gunshots, and when he saw the emperor hitting the elk with a firecracker, he suddenly felt a little helpless: Is this called hunting?

Zhao Han casually threw the flintlock to the guard, and the guard next to him immediately handed over another loaded one.

Zhao Han shouted at Li Zicheng: "It's a competition between Chuang Wang, who has killed more prey today?"

Li Zicheng said: "Your Majesty uses the blunderbuss while I use the bow and arrow. It's not fair."

Zhao Han said: "I can hunt with guns, which is also a manifestation of strength, and it is the same reason to compete for supremacy in the world."

Li Zicheng seemed to think of something, but nodded and said, "That's true."

Emperor Zhao's ability to shoot a gun has become more and more refined, even if he is on the battlefield, he can still be called a sharpshooter.After hunting, there were very few misses, which made Li Zicheng quite admire.

After returning from hunting, Fei Rulan personally led the horse for him, and said as she walked: "My daughter has fallen in love with Li Quan, and the rest are not. I have already persuaded him, and I have to choose again. Why don't we go to the civil and military family of the Manchu Dynasty? Or Jinling University to choose a son-in-law."

"It's all right, you can arrange it," Zhao Han said and added, "After you are selected, bring me to have a look."

Chapter 844 [Official Smuggling]

Zhao Han did not directly issue an imperial edict to the Japanese shogunate, but sent an envoy to take Li Quan to Nagasaki first.

In Nagasaki, there is a Zheng's business house, and the person in charge is Zheng Daozhou, Zheng Sen's younger brother.